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Chemical Trade - The Backbone of Agricultural Development
Over long time, human food and clothing depended primarily on agriculture. While ever since the historical time, agriculture had always relied on lots of human labor, which was subject to various kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. In the course of the nineteenth century, the usage of agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. Nevertheless, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really increased the agricultural output in per unit area.
Follow shows that, among all of the measures to extend the agricultural production, the function played by chemical fertilizers is forty% to 65%. On the idea of the booming in the petrochemical trade, artificial ammonia and urea have realized giant-scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a large proportion within the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer on this planet amounted to approximately one hundred forty million ton, which made it turn into one of the bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and hint elements fertilizer has additional meet the demands of different soil structures and different crops.
Within the early interval, individuals used natural animals, plants and minerals to stop and treat crop pests and diseases. Till the late 19th century, after the formation of contemporary chemical trade, individuals started to use arsenic preparation to kill beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux combination to stop and deal with downy mildew on grapes, so that agriculture began a new era of chemical prevention and treatment. Throughout the Nineteen Forties, quite a lot of pesticides and herbicides, reminiscent of natural chlorine, natural phosphorus, had been produced and widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. However, a few of the pesticides throughout this interval had been rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological air pollution, in order that they had been banned by many countries.
In recent times, a number of efficient, low-residue, low-poisonousity pesticides have been developed, including pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and will not pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. As a result, bio-pesticides have grow to be the most active areas in pesticide research currently.
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